One in 500 women has problems with their uterus — due, for example, to a malformation, hysterectomy, or infection — that prevent them from becoming pregnant and carrying a child to term
A woman in Brazil, who received a uterus transplant from a dead donor, gave birth to a healthy baby, making it the first ever successful case of its kind.
The miracle happened after 10 previously failed attempts — in the United States, the Czech Republic, and Turkey — of uterus transplants from deceased donors.
The baby girl was born in September 2016 in Sao Paolo via caesarean section at 35 weeks and three days, and weighed 2,550 grams.
This breakthrough operation shows that such transplants are feasible and could help thousands of women unable to have children due to uterine problems, according to a study published in The Lancet medical journal.
Until recently, the only options available to women with so-called uterine infertility were adoption or the services of a surrogate mother.
But there are far more women in need of transplants than there are potential live donors, so doctors wanted to find out if the procedure could work using the uterus of a woman who had died.
Infertility affects 10- to 15 per cent of couples.
Of this group, one in 500 women has problems with their uterus — due, for example, to a malformation, hysterectomy, or infection — that prevent them from becoming pregnant and carrying a child to term.
"Our results provide a proof-of-concept for a new option for women with uterine infertility," said Dani Ejzenberg, a doctor at the teaching hospital of the University of Sao Paulo.
He describing the procedure as a "medical milestone".
"The number of people willing and committed to donate organs upon their own death is far larger than those of live donors, offering a much wider potential donor population," he said in a statement.
The 32-year-old recipient was born without a uterus as a result of a rare syndrome. Four months before the transplant, she had in-vitro fertilisation resulting in eight fertilised eggs, which were preserved through freezing.
The donor was a 45-year-old woman who died from a stroke.
Her uterus was removed and transplanted in surgery that lasted more than ten hours.
The surgical team had to connect the donor's uterus with the veins, arteries, ligaments, and vaginal canal of the recipient.
To prevent her body from rejecting the new organ, the woman was given five different drugs, along with antimicrobials, anti-blood clotting treatments, and aspirin.
After five months, the uterus showed no sign of rejection, ultrasound scans were normal, and the woman was menstruating regularly.
The fertilised eggs were implanted after seven months. Ten days later, doctors delivered the good news: she was pregnant.
Besides a minor kidney infection -- treated with antibiotics -- during the 32nd week, the pregnancy was normal. After nearly 36 weeks a baby girl weighing 2.5 kilogrammes (about six pounds) was delivered via caesarean section.
Mother and baby left the hospital three days later.
The transplanted uterus was removed during the C-section, allowing the woman to stop taking the immunosuppressive drugs.
At age seven months and 12 days — when the manuscript reporting the findings was submitted for publication — the baby was breastfeeding and weighed 7.2 kilogrammes.
"We must congratulate the authors," commented Dr. Srdjan Saso, an honorary clinical lecturer in obstetrics and gynaecology at Imperial College London, describing the findings as "extremely exciting".
Richard Kennedy, president of the International Federation of Fertility Societies, also welcomed the announcement but sounded a note of caution.
"Uterine transplant is a novel technique and should be regarded as experimental," he said.
With agency inputs
Read Exclusive COVID-19 Coronavirus News updates, at MyNation.