India
Currently, child marriages are valid in India but can be annulled if a case is filed in a district court by either of the two contracting parties within two years of both partners in the couple attaining adulthood or through a guardian in case of minors
On Wednesday, the Women and Child Development Ministry has moved the Cabinet to make all child marriages invalid.
If the proposal is approved, it will amend the law that allows child marriages to continue, despite an October 2017 Supreme Court ruling that "sexual intercourse with a minor wife amounts to rape, as under no circumstance can a child below 18 years give consent, express or implied, for sexual intercourse".
India has 27% of child brides (married before their 18th birthday), which is the highest number in the world, according to girlsnotbrides.org.
Though, there are laws to protect young girls and there have been a sharp decline in the percentage of child marriage, which was previously a staggering amount of 50%, the problem is far away from getting solved.
Currently, child marriages are valid in India but can be annulled if a case is filed in a district court by either of the two contracting parties within two years of both partners attaining adulthood or through a guardian in case of minors.
The ministry seeks to amend section 3 of the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, under which a child marriage is only voidable at the option of the contracting parties.
The WCD Ministry official said a draft Cabinet note has been circulated that proposes to make child marriages "void ab initio" (invalid from the outset).
The legal age for marriage in India is 18 for a woman and 21 for a man.
According to a study based on Census 2011, there are 2.3 crore child brides in the country.
The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2015-16 also showed that 26.8% of women were married off before they turned 18.
According to the NFHS 2015-16, nearly eight% girls in the 15-19 age group had already become mothers or pregnant at the time of the survey.
"The World Health Organisation, in a report dealing with the issue of child brides, found that though 11% of the births worldwide are among adolescents, they account for 23% of the overall burden of diseases. Therefore, a child bride is more than doubly prone to health problems than a grown-up woman," the Supreme Court had said last year, expressing dismay over the alarming number of child brides in the country.
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