Indian Newspaper Day commemorates the launch of India's first newspaper, The Bengal Gazette, in 1780. This day celebrates the legacy of pioneering journalists like James Augustus Hicky and highlights the role of newspapers.
January 29 is celebrated as Indian Newspaper Day, marking the anniversary of the launch of India’s first newspaper, The Bengal Gazette by James Augustus Hicky in 1780. This event signified the start of formal print media in the country, playing a crucial role in educating the public and questioning the status quo during British colonial rule.
James Augustus Hicky, Father of Indian Journalism
James Augustus Hicky is often celebrated as the Father of Indian Journalism due to his groundbreaking efforts in setting up the first press in India. In 1780, he launched The Bengal Gazette (also known as The Calcutta General Advertiser) in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta).
A significant contribution of The Bengal Gazette was its fearless criticism of the British East India Company and its officials, particularly General Warren Hastings, who was the Governor-General of India at that time.
The bold stance of The Bengal Gazette put it at odds with the British authorities, who were quite uneasy with its critical coverage. In 1782, the British took action to halt the publication, enforcing strict censorship to control the press. Hicky faced imprisonment on charges of defamation and libel, ultimately leading to the paper's closure.
The Crescent, A Milestone for Indian Journalism
A pivotal moment in Indian journalism took place on October 2, 1844, when Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty, an Indian merchant and political activist, established The Crescent in Madras (now Chennai). In contrast to The Bengal Gazette, which was a British publication, The Crescent was the first newspaper owned by Indians, symbolizing Indian independence and self-expression. Chetty was also a key figure in the political landscape, having founded the Madras Native Association, one of the earliest political organizations in India.
Amrita Bazar Patrika, Role in India's Freedom Struggle
Founded in 1868, Amrita Bazar Patrika is one of the oldest and most influential newspapers in India. It played a crucial role in the country's fight for independence. With a broad readership, the newspaper not only covered social, political, and economic issues but also actively supported the Indian nationalist movement. The publication remained significant until its closure in 1991, leaving a lasting impact on the history of Indian journalism.
Indian Newspaper Day, A Tribute to the Press
Indian Newspaper Day honours the bravery and determination of early journalists and newspapers in India. In the face of legal challenges, censorship, and political pressures, these publications established the groundwork for a free press in the country. This day reminds us of the vital role journalism plays in encouraging public discussion, enhancing transparency, and protecting democratic rights.
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