A study by IIT Mandi reveals the presence of cancer-causing pollutants in the groundwater of Himachal Pradesh's Baddi-Barotiwala industrial area, underscoring urgent remediation needs.
A study conducted by researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi and Jammu has revealed alarming levels of cancer-causing pollutants in the groundwater of Himachal Pradesh's Baddi-Barotiwala (BB) industrial area. Their study, employing chemical hydrology techniques, aimed to analyze groundwater samples, pinpoint contamination sources, and assess associated health risks.
Significant Health Risks Unveiled
The comprehensive research disclosed significant health risks posed by contaminated groundwater in the region. The pollutants identified include geogenic uranium and industrial metals such as zinc, lead, cobalt, nickel, and chromium. These pollutants exceed permissible limits, raising concerns about the health implications for nearby communities.
Impact of Rapid Urbanization and Industrialization
India heavily relies on groundwater for agricultural and domestic purposes. However, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and population growth have led to increased groundwater usage and a decline in its quality. Northern India, including Himachal Pradesh's BB industrial area, has faced severe water quality issues due to industrial contamination.
Urgent Need for Remediation
Dr. Deepak Swami and his team from IIT Mandi, in collaboration with Dr. Nitin Joshi from IIT Jammu, published their findings in the prestigious journal, Science of the Total Environment. Their research underscores the urgent need for remediation measures to address the health risks associated with contaminated groundwater. Monitoring industrial effluents for toxic metals like zinc, lead, nickel, and chromium is crucial to preventing further health hazards.
Path Forward: Geospatial Mapping and Policy Framework
The study utilized geospatial mapping to visualize metal contamination and health risks across village boundaries, aiding in identifying pollution sources and guiding future policies and remediation efforts. Dr. Joshi emphasized the importance of improved effluent treatment to mitigate risks, highlighting the parallels between the lower Himalayan region and southwestern Punjab if left unaddressed.
Addressing a Widespread Issue
With over 80% of health issues in developing countries linked to waterborne diseases, this study serves as a cornerstone response to the pervasive issue of groundwater contamination across India. By shedding light on the presence of cancer-causing pollutants and advocating for remediation measures, the research contributes to safeguarding public health and promoting sustainable growth in the region.
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